MANOJ KUMAR (SHELFORD)

Showing posts with label manoj kumar. Show all posts
Showing posts with label manoj kumar. Show all posts

Wednesday, September 3, 2014

Therapeutic efficacy of Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) and Aegle marmelos (L.) leaf

Sukumar Dandapat*, Manoj Kumar and M. P. Sinha

*Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India – 834008
*email: eaddress.sukumar27@gmail.com

Medicinal plants are widely used for therapy of various diseases and disorders due to presence of various bioactive phytochemicals. Among the studied phytochemicals polyphenol content was higher (16.7 ± 0.7 g/100g in C. tamala and 6.7 ± 0.61 g/100g in A. marmelos) and flavonoids content was lower in both plants (1.0 ± 1.01 g/100g and 0.9 ± 0.25 g/100g in C. tamala and A. marmelos respectively). Leaf extract of both plant were effective against S. aureus and P. mirabilis (6-10 mm ZOI and 100% inhibition at 0.25mg-5mg of leaf extracts in agar disk diffusion and broth dilution method respectively) and the leaf extract of both plant possess high antioxidant activity, 0.9% and 0.2% at 5μg/mL concentration 4% and 7% at 100 μg/mL concentration of A. marmelos and C. tamala leaf extracts respectively. Aqueous leaf extract of both the plants did not show cytotoxicity by haemolysis at 0.2 mg/mL-1mg/mL concentration.

Wednesday, July 9, 2014

Pharmacological Screening of Leaf Extract of Adhatoda vasica for Therapeutic Efficacy

ISSN 1992-0075
DOI: 10.5829/idosi.gjp.2014.8.4.8419



ManojKumar, Sukumar Dandapat, Amit Kumar and M.P. Sinha




Abstract: In the present study Adhatoda vasica was screened for therapeutic efficacy. The plant leaf extract was screened for phytochemicals, mineral elements, antioxidant and reducing power activity, foaming and swelling index properties. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of phytochemicals were done. The result showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenolics and flavonoids. Tannins were maximum among all the detected phytochemicals (61.38 ± 0.8 mg/g). Phenolics were minimum (1.30 ± 0.1 mg/g). Following the presence of phytochemicals the plant leaf samples were also screened for antioxidant and reducing power ability. The screening for mineral elements revealed the presence of macro and micro elements. Potassium (K), Calcium (Ca), iron (Fe), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Chromium (Cr), Vanadium and Manganese (Mn) were detected in the leaf sample. Adhatoda vasica showed highest (68070 ± 35.58 ppm) concentration of Ca. V was lowest among all the mineral elements (118 ± 6.03 pm). Since the plant contains important phytochemicals, mineral elements, antioxidant and reducing power analysis, it may be good source of future medicines.


 

Key words: Phytochemicals,  Mineral Elements, Antioxidant, Reducing Power


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Saturday, March 29, 2014

GROWTH INHIBITORY IMPACT OF VITEX NEGUNDO ON
SALMONELLA  TYPHI AND PSEUDOMONAS  AERUGINOSA
.   Manoj Kumar*, Sukumar Dandapat, Amit Kumar and M. P. Sinha
.  Department  of Zoology, Ranchi University,  Ranchi  *e-mail: scholar.manojkumar@gmail.com

Abstract type: extended abstract
Abstract published in:
National Seminar on Values of Information Zoology
Abstract no. 69

Herbal medicines are gaining popularity in developing countries (Kumar et al, 2013), as the  lifestyle is becoming more andmore stressful, people are striving to stay healthy and with the rise in  cases of side effects·of synthetic medicines and evolution of multi-drug resistant (MDR) disease-causing organisms, there is an inclination towards the use of herbal medicines (Kumar et al, 2013). About 30-40 % of today's  conventional medicines come from the herbal supplements, botanicals and nutraceuticals (Kumar et al, 2013).

            Typhoid fever is a global infection caused by bacterium Salmonella typhi. The disease is  transmitted by water, milk, fruits and vegetables that are contaminated with Salmonella typhi. It may be also transmitted by healthy carriers and infected food handlers and may be carried  mechanically from feces to the food by flies. Although typhoid fever may be treated with antibiotics, the resistance of Salmonella typhi towards the antibiotics is widespread. Inrecent years there has been a rise in multi drug resistance in Salmonella typhi all over the world (Kumar et al, 2013). Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a common bacterium which is known to cause disease in animals as well as humans. It is an opportunistic pathogenfo r both plant and animal (Iglewski, 1996). Inhigher plants Pseudomonas aeruginosa is known to cause soft rot (Walker et al.,, 2004). Pseudomonas aeruginosa typically infects the pulmonary tract, urinary tract, bums; wounds and is 
also known to cause blood infections (Fine et al., 1996).

The fresh leaves were collected, shade dried for 15 days, and were made to fine powder, 50 g of powder was subjected to extraction by Soxhlet extractor. The extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening, antibacterial analy­ sis was done against Salmonella typhl and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar disc diffusion method and broth dilution method.

The results of phytochemical analysis reveal the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols  and flav6hoids. Tannin content is highest in Vitex negundo (93.9 ± 2033mg/g) and phenol content is  lowest (8.1 ± 0.5 mg/g). The phytochemicals (alkaloids, phenols, tannins etc. present in the plants  are responsible for their medicinal properties (Palombo, 2006). The phenols possess redox  properties and th.us bestow antioxidant properties to the plants owning them; they act as hydrogen  donors, reducing agents and metal chelators (Cook and Samman, 1996). Flavonoids and tannins constitute the major group o(antioxidant compounds, that act as primary antioxidants or free radical scavengers Tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and sterols etc. ha e also been found  active against pathogenic bacteria (Kennedy and Wightman , 2011).

The Vitex negundo extract was found to be effective against both bacteria, with MIC equal to 5mg/ml  in broth dilution method as well as agar disc diffusion method. Zone of inhibition was 1.45 and  1.99 mm for 2.5 mg extract concentration and 3 and 4 mm for 5 mg extract concentrati on. Tannins,  alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and sterols have been found ·to have growth inhibitory impact on  Salmonella typhi .Dandapat et al. attributed the antibacterial activity of Cinamomum tamala to phytochemical constituents (tannin, saponin, flavonoids, polyphenols and alkaloids) of the plant. Since the plant contains major phytochemicals (alkaloids, tannins, saponins, phenols and  flavonoids) which are major contents responsible for the antibacterial properties of the plants possessing them. The antibacterial activities of Vitex negundo can be attributed to the phytochemical contents, Vitexnegundo casn be used in  medicinal formulations , for eradicating Salmonella typhi and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Sunday, November 17, 2013

Antibacterial activity of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo
Manoj Kumar
Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi – 834008, Jharkhand, India
email: scholar.manojkumar@gmail.com 

The methanolic leaf extract of Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica were subjected to phytochemical, In-vitro antioxidant power analysis. The phytochemical studies showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids and saponins. The antioxidant activity was determined and compared with Butyl Hydroxy Anisole (BHA) as standard. The reducing power ability of both the plants were determined and compared with ascorbic acid as standard. Quantitative studies were also done. The extract was tested for antibacterial properties against five bacteria viz. Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella typhi Agar disc diffusion method and broth dilution method. The inhibition of microorganisms were compared within both plants and with pure antibiotic Gentamycin. The results exhibited strong antibacterial activity of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo against B. subtilis and P. mirabilis. The minimum inhibitory concentration ranged from 0.612mg/ml in case of Vitex negundo and 2.5mg/ml in case of Adhatoda vasica.

Key words: Minimum inhibitory concentration, BHA, Gentamycin, antibacterial, antioxidant, phytochemicals

abstract published in Souvenir of International conference on HARMONY WITH NATURE IN CONTEXT OF ECOTECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE. 2013: page  - 72 

Monday, September 16, 2013

PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENCY OF ADHATODA VASICA AND VITEX NEGUNDO

8(2): 727-730, 2013, The Bioscan (Supplement on Medicinal Plants)


PHYTOCHEMICAL SCREENING AND ANTIOXIDANT POTENCY OF ADHATODA VASICA AND VITEX NEGUNDO
Manoj Kumar*, Amit Kumar, Sukumar Dandapat, M. P. Sinha
*Corresponding author email: eaddress.manojkumar@gmail.com

ABSTRACT
The leaf samples of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo were subjected to phytochemical analysis. Both the plants contained antioxidant phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannin, saponins, phenolics and flavonoids; which were present in comparatively higher amount in Vitex negundo. Tannins were recorded highest among all the phytochemicals (93.9 ± 0.8 and 61.3 ± 0.8 mg/g in Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica respectively). Phenolics were recorded lowest (13. ± 0.1 and 8.1 ± 0.5 mg/g in Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo respectively.The methanolic extracts of the plants were also analyzed for antioxidant and reducing power potentiality. Both plants showed strong antioxidant and reducing power ability. The strong antioxidant and reducing power ability of the plant underlines their use as antioxidant supplement against diseases such as typhoid during which antioxidant system fails; cardiovascular diseases which are caused due to accumulation of Reactive oxygen species; ageing related diseases, Alzheimer, Prkinson’s disease, Amytrophic lateral sclerosis, cataractogenesis and other diseases.

KEY WORDS: antioxidant, Adhatoda vaisca, Vitex negundo

Monday, September 9, 2013

Anti-typhoid Activity of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo

Persian Gulf Crop Protection
Available online on: www.cropprotection.ir
ISSN: 2251-9343 (Online)
Volume 2 Issue 3, September 2013
Pages 64-75

Anti-typhoid Activity of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo

Manoj Kumar1*, Sukumar Dandapat1, Amit Kumar1 and M. P. Sinha1

1-Department of Zoology, Ranchi University, Ranchi, India (*Corresponding author e-mail:eaddress.manojkumar@gmail.com).

Abstract: Typhoid activity is an acute systemic infection caused by Salmonella typhi. In present study
the methanolic leafs extract of Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica were analyzed for anti-typhoid
activity against Salmonella typhi. The leave sample was subjected to phytochemical analysis. The
concentration of all the phytochemicals studied was higher in Vitex negundo than Adhatoda vasica,
except alkaloids which was higher in Adhatoda vasica (11.3 ± 0.1mg/g) than Vitex negundo (8.6 ± 0.00
mg/g). Tannins were highest in both the plants, 61.3 ± 0.8 mg/g in Adhatoda vasica and 93.9 ± 0.8
mg/g in Adhatoda vasica. The antioxidant activity was determined and compared with BHA and
reducing power was compared with Ascorbic acid. Both the samples had high antioxidant and reducing
power activity. Several studies reported the loss of antioxidant system during infection of Salmonella
typhi. The leaf extracts of Adhatoda vasica and Vitex negundo showed considerable antioxidant activity
which can used as remedy against antioxidant system collapse and thus promises to be effective
antioxidant supplement for typhoid patients. Besides antioxidant activity the leaves of both plants
inhibited the growth of Salmonella typhi. The antibacterial activity of both leaf extracts were compared
with gentamycin. The results of present study shows that leaf extracts of Vitex negundo and Adhatoda vasica
confer anti-typhoid activity against Salmonella typhi.

Key Words: Anti-typhoid, Adhatoda vasica, Vitex negundo.

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