1. Cybister
a. Habit: it feeds on small fishes. It is
positively phototropic. It is an active swimmer.
b. Habitat: aquatic, occurs in deep
water.
c. Role in ecosystem: it is a secondary
consumer.
d. Adaptations:
i.
Strucrural
adaptations: forewings modified into horny elytra, hind wints are membranous,
folded beneath the elytra.
ii.
Feeding
adaptations: mouth parts consists of strong mandibles.
iii.
Respiratory
adaptations: antennae are hydrofuge structures and can hold air balls
containing oxygen for respiration.
iv.
Flight
adaptations: wing muscles of both sides are not fused together below the
scutellum, therefore it is an active flier.
2. hydrophilus olivaceous:
a. habit: predacious, carnivorous.
b. Habitat: aquatic habitat. It lives
near vegetation. It is shade loving.
c. Role in ecosystem: it is secondary
consumer.
d. Adaptations:
i.
Structural
adaptation: forewings modified into horny elytra, hind wings membranous, folded
beneath elytra, body stream linexd.
ii.
Feeding
adaptations: mouth parts mandibulate adapted for biting.
iii.
Respiratory
adaptations: ventral surface of the body is with a set of hydrofuge hairy
structures. It can hold an air film for respiratory purpose. Antennae are above
hudrofuge structures and can hold air balls near the spiracles.
iv.
Swimming
adaptations: it is an active swimmer. Appendages are fringed with hairs.
v.
Adaptations
for defence: it has a metasternal keel for defence.
3. Laccotrephes maculatus:
a. Habit: it is phytophagous,
positively phototrophic.
b. Habitat: aquatic; is a bottom
dweller and liver in mud.
c. Role in ecosystem: primary consumer.
d. Adaptations:
i.
Structural
adaptations: fore wings are chitinized to form hemielytra.
ii.
Feeding
adaptation: first pair of legs are pre-hensile and adapted for catching food. Mouth
parts of piercing and sucking type.
iii.
Respiratory
adaptation: respiratory tube consists of 2-spine like processes.
iv.
Swimming
adaptations: body is slender, appendages are fringed with hair.
4. Ranatra elongata
a. Habit: it feeds upon sap of plants. It
is positively phototropic.
b. Habitat: aquatic; swims on the
surface of water,
c. Role in ecosystem: it is primary consumer.
d. Adaptations:
i.
Structural
adaptation: for wings are chitinized to form hemielytra.
ii.
Feeding
adaptations: mouth parts are of piercing and sucking type.
iii.
Respiratory
adaptation: respiratory siphon present.
iv.
Swimming
adaptation: body is slender, appendages are ringed with hair. Walking legs are
prominent and are also adapted for walking on bottom of the aquatic habitat,
5. Lethocerus indicus (giant water bug)
a. Habit: it feed rapaciously upon small fishes, tadpole,
youngs, frogs, and insects. It is positively phototropic.
b. Habitat: aquatic habitat; it clings to
vegetation submerged in the bottom.
c. Role in the ecosystem: pest of fishes, it is secondary
consumer
d. Adaptations:
i.
Feeding adaptations: mouth parts are of piercing and sucking type.
ii.
Respiratory adaptation: it has a pair of respiratory
siphons at the hind end. It breaths oxygen by piercing the surface film with
the apex of the abdomen
iii.
Swimming adaptation: body is stream lined,
dorsoventrally flattened, so it overcomes friction in water easily, appendages
are oar-like and fringed with hair.
iv.
Colonization: it
flies readily from one water piece to the another and just occupy a different
habitat. But it is restricted flier. This is because wing muscles of both sides
fuse together below the scutellum.
6. Diplonuchus annulatum:
a. Habit: it feeds
upon plant sap, mainly on hydrilla. It is positively phototropic.
b. Habitat: aquatic; fresh water.
c. Role in ecosystem: it is primary consumer.
d. Adaptations:
i.
Structural adaptations: body is oval in shape. Forewings modified into horny hemielytra. Hind wings
are membtanous. Folded bjeath the elytra.
ii.
Feeding adaptations: mouth parts of piercing and sucking type.
iii.
Respiratory adaptation: it has a pair of respiratory siphon at the hind end. It takes oxygen
through this siphon.
iv.
Appendages are oar like and fringed with hair.
v.
Parental care: the male carries eggs on it back till they are hatched;
